HotPepperIndex
Capsicum chinense

Dragon's Breath

United Kingdom (Wales)
Superhot
Also known asDragon's Breath · Dragon Breath chili · Dragons Breath pepper
Scoville
0SHU
Heat0%
2.00M–2.80M SHU · Unofficial test results reported as 2,480,000 SHU across multiple independent sources including Wikipedia, PepperScale, and Chili Pepper Madness (2017)

Dragon's Breath is an exceptionally hot Capsicum chinense cultivar developed in the United Kingdom. It unofficially registers 2.48 million Scoville Heat Units and was bred primarily for potential medicinal applications as a topical anesthetic. The small, wrinkled red pods deliver extreme heat alongside a fruity flavor profile.

Dragon's Breath is a superhot chili pepper cultivar of the species Capsicum chinense, unofficially tested at 2.48 million Scoville Heat Units. It originated in the United Kingdom through a collaboration between chili grower Neal Price of NPK Technology, researchers at Nottingham Trent University, and later cultivated by Mike Smith in St Asaph, Denbighshire, Wales. The pepper was developed during experiments with a specialized plant food and exploration of capsaicin for use as a natural topical anesthetic for patients allergic to conventional options. Mike Smith grew it with the intention of showcasing an attractive plant at the 2017 Chelsea Flower Show, where the extreme heat emerged unexpectedly. Named after the Welsh dragon, a national symbol of Wales, it was shortlisted but did not win the Plant of the Year contest. The pods are small and unassuming, approximately 0.5 to 2 inches long, wrinkled, pock-marked, and bumpy, often featuring a scorpion-like tail or stinger. They ripen from green to a vibrant red. The plant grows 3 to 4 feet tall, is highly productive, and tolerates heat stress well. Flavor notes include sweet, fruity, floral, and slightly bitter tones, though the intense pungency dominates. Due to its extreme heat, it is not suitable for direct consumption or commercial culinary use but finds application in extreme hot sauces and spice powders in minuscule quantities, as well as ongoing capsaicin research for medicinal purposes. Handling requires gloves, goggles, and caution to avoid severe irritation. It has not received official Guinness World Records recognition and has been surpassed by Pepper X.

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Backstory

The Dragon's Breath pepper was developed in a collaboration between chili grower Neal Price of NPK Technology, researchers at Nottingham Trent University in the United Kingdom, and later cultivated by Mike Smith in St Asaph, Denbighshire, Wales. It originated from experiments testing a specialized plant food and exploring capsaicin's properties for use as a natural topical anesthetic, particularly for patients allergic to conventional options. Mike Smith grew the plant intending to showcase an attractive specimen at the 2017 Chelsea Flower Show, where the unprecedented heat level became apparent. The name honors the Welsh dragon, a national symbol of Wales. Although submitted for Guinness World Records consideration, it remains unofficially tested and has been surpassed by hotter cultivars like Pepper X.

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Flavor

Sweet and fruity with floral and slightly bitter undertones, but the extreme pungency overshadows these notes in any use.

fruitysweetfloralbitter

Culinary uses

diluted in extreme hot saucesdried into superhot powders and flakescapsaicin extraction for research

Related variants

Appearance

Size
Approximately 0.5-2 inches long
Skin
Thin-walled
Color
Ripens from green to vibrant red
Shape
Wrinkled, pock-marked, bumpy, often with a scorpion-like tail or stinger
Texture
Bumpy and wrinkled

Growing

Soil
Well-draining, fertile
Notes
Suitable for containers; handle pods with gloves due to extreme heat; tolerant to heat stress
Water
Moderate, consistent moisture
Yield
Productive
Temperature
70-90°F (21-32°C)
Plant height
3-4 feet tall
Days to maturity
90-120
Sun requirements
Full sun

Nutrition

Capsaicin
Extremely concentrated (up to 2.48 million SHU potential)
Vitamin A
High
Vitamin C
High
Antioxidants
Rich

Origin detail

Region
Denbighshire, Wales
Country
United Kingdom
Breeder
Neal Price (NPK Technology) and Mike Smith

Tags

superhotcapsicum-chinenseuk-originmedicinalornamentalwales

Sources

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These references are used to verify what we publish — not as the source of the content itself. Seed catalogs, breeder pages, research papers, and cultivar databases let us cross-check every fact before it lands here. Open any card to read the original or dig deeper.

4 sources · Added May 12, 2026, 08:10 UTC
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